Head and Neck Cancer Treatment at world class hospitals in India

Cancers that are known collectively as head and neck cancers usually begin in the squamous cells that line the moist, mucosal surfaces inside the head and neck. These squamous cell cancers are often referred to as squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Head and neck cancer includes cancers of the mouth, nose, sinuses, salivary glands, throat, and lymph nodes in the neck. Most begin in the moist tissues that line the mouth, nose and throat.

Major Types of Head & Neck Cancers are:

• Hypopharyngeal Cancer
The Hypopharynx is the bottom part of the pharynx (throat).The pharynx is a hollow tube about five inches long that starts behind the nose and goes down to the neck to become part of the esophagus (the tube that goes to the stomach). Air and food pass through the pharynx on the way to the windpipe (trachea) or the esophagus.

Cancer of the Hypopharynx is a disease in which cancerous (malignant) cells are found in the tissues of the hypopharynx. Cancer of the hypopharynx most commonly starts in the cells that line the hypopharynx, called squamous cells, and is called squamous cell cancer. If cancer starts in the lymph cells of the hypopharynx, it is considered non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

• Laryngeal Cancer
There are three main parts of the larynx: the glottis (the middle part of the larynx where the vocal cords are located); the supraglottis (the tissue above the glottis); and the subglottis (the tissue below the glottis). The subglottis connects to the trachea, which takes air to the lungs.

Cancer of the larynx is a disease in which cancerous (malignant) cells are found in the tissues of the larynx. It is most commonly found in people who smoke. If a person who smokes develops cancer of the larynx, they should stop smoking.

• Salivary Gland Cancer
The symptoms that may indicate such cancers are painless and/or increasing swelling under the chin or around the jawbone, numbness in the face, inability to move muscles in the face and pain in the face, chin, or neck.

• Thyroid Cancer
Cancer of the thyroid is a disease in which cancerous (malignant) cells develop in the tissues of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland makes important hormones that help the body function normally.

Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cancer

• Physical Examination
• Endoscopy
• Laboratory Tests
• X-rays
• CT (or CAT) Scan
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (or MRI)
• PET Scan
• Biopsy

Treatment Options available for Head and Neck Cancer at Top Cancer Hospitals in India

Surgery : During surgery, the goal is to remove the cancerous tissue and some of the healthy tissue around it . A surgical oncologist is a doctor who specializes in treating cancer using surgery. Types of surgery for head and neck cancer include:

• Excision : This is an operation to remove the cancerous tissue and the margin around it.
• Laser Technology : This may be used to treat early-stage tumors, especially in larynx cancer.
• Lymph Node Dissection : If the doctor suspects that the cancer has spread, the doctor may remove lymph nodes in the neck, possibly causing stiffness in the shoulders afterward. This may be done at the same time as an excision.
• Reconstructive (Plastic) Surgery : This type of operation is aimed at restoring a person’s appearance and function of the affected area. If the surgery requires major tissue removal (for example, removing the jaw, skin, pharynx, or tongue), reconstructive or plastic surgery may be done to replace the missing tissue.

Chemotherapy : It is done to reduce the most possible the size of the tumor, in order to limit the number of surgeries. Sometimes only the radiotherapy will be necessary after the chemo.

Radiotherapy : It is often a complement to the surgery, but sometimes it can be the only treatment, particularly in larynx cancers when the tumor size has correctly decreased after the chemotherapy. In mouth cancers, it’s sometimes possible to use curietherapy.

Minimal Invasive Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer in India

Minimally invasive surgical techniques are used when possible to remove tumors that are located near structures involved in sensory and physical functioning. In many cases, patients can recover more quickly when treated with minimally invasive surgery compared with traditional, open surgery.

• Endoscopic Laser Surgery : This technique may be used to remove tumors in the larynx (voice box) or pharynx (throat) while preserving the structures involved in speech and swallowing. The surgeon inserts a thin, lighted tube called an endoscope through the patient’s mouth and into the throat. Surgeons remove the tumor using a special laser that is attached to the endoscope. Endoscopic laser surgery is often performed on an outpatient basis with a safe, fast-acting anesthetic that wears off quickly after the procedure.
• Minimally Invasive Video-Assisted Thyroidectomy (MIVAT) : A tiny video camera that is attached to an endoscope is used to remove thyroid tumors through a small incision.
• Robotic Surgery : Tumors of the tongue and tonsils can be removed with the aid of small robotic arms that are placed in the mouth, avoiding the need to make a large incision or to split the jawbone.
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What People say about us

“To discover that I suffered from Head and Neck cancers was quite a shock for me. I then went to the Internet and found IndiaCarez website amongst several several others. I sent e-mails off with my specific problem outlined to three sites.

Almost instantly I received a response from IndiaCarez asking for my medical reports, which I mailed to them. Just the next day I got another email with so much of valuable information about the treatment options I had and the profiles of the doctors and number of surgeries performed by them. I followed their advice for a Robotic Surgery that would also take care of my other concerns about cancer spill and impotency.

IndiaCarez helped me immensely to apply for India visa and make arrangements to fly to India and have the procedure done.”

Now just 2 weeks later, I am glad that I made a quick decision and I am feeling much better and walking unassisted and ready to return home. I attribute this to the world class technology here in India and the skill of the surgeon and staff who have worked so hard to get me back on the feet. The staff at the hospital are all smiles and very helpful. I enjoyed all my meals during my stay. I would recommend anyone who needs a Head and Neck cancers Surgery to go for the Robotic option, its a bit expensive but the pay offs are superb – less pain, quick recovery and no fear of complications. Thanks you all and God bless you!

Warm Regards –

Samson Abeje, Kenya Head and Neck Cancer Surgery.

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